01.11. 2021р. 9-Б клас
Hello everyone!
Today we are going to learn about National Parks Around the World
By the end of the lesson you will be able to read and understand information for general and detailed features about national parks and to describe one of the national parks
Read and choose the right variant:
National parks
Millions of people every year
visit national parks. Visiting a national park can 1)… a wonderful way of
spending a day, but are these parks worthwhile or do they have many drawbacks?
One major advantage of
national parks is that they provide an opportunity for wild animals and other
species to be protected and conserved. In addition, national parks make it
possible for animals 2) … more spaces and freedom than they can 3) … in zoos
and allow children 4)… animals wandering freely instead of living behind bars.
However, some people object to
keeping animals in national parks. They believe that animals should 5)… in
their natural habitats and shouldn’t be used as a form of entertainment for
visitors to these parks.
All in all, it would 6) … that
national parks do some advantages, but there are also several drawbacks keeping
animals in them. Perhaps it is time we started working 7) … animals in their
natural environment.
1. a) to be b) be
2. a) to have b) have
3. a) to have b) have
4. a) to see b)
see
5. a) to live b)
live
6. a) to appear b)
appear
7. a) to protect b)
protect
Watch a video
Read the names of the top 10 National Parks in the World ( щоб правильно прочитати й вимовити назви парків, скористайтеся Google -Перекладач: введіть назву парку і клікніть на позначці " гучномовець")
1- Corcovado National Park ( Casta Rica)
2- Galapagos National Park ( Ecuador)
3- Grand Canyon National Park ( the USA)
4- Great Barrier Reef National Park (Australia)
5- Jim Corbett National Park ( India)
6- Kruger National Park ( South Africa)
7- Manú National Park ( Peru)
8- Tarangire National Park ( Tanzania)
9- Tikal National Park ( Guatemala)
10- Torres del Paine National Park ( Chile)
Read the information about the top 10 National Parks in the World
The world’s
first national park, Yellowstone, was signed into law by President Ulysses
S. Grant in 1872. Congress created the U.S. National Park
Service 44 years later
(on August 25, 1916), with a mission “to conserve the scenery and the
natural and historic objects and wildlife therein, and to provide for the enjoyment
of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for
the enjoyment of future generations.”
Over the past
century, the concept behind what documentarian Ken Burns called “America’s
best idea” has been applied to more than 6,ooo national parks in
nearly 100 different countries around the world. For US-based travelers ,
whose disposable income and vacation time are tighter than ever, national
parks offer a great return on investment in terms of nature, wildlife and
outdoor recreation.
But not all
national parks are created equal. Some are too crowded. Some fail to measure up
to visitor expectations. Some are simply too remote to fit into most travelers’
budgets. Still, a “must-see” list of national parks would number in the hundreds, if not thousands. So consider this our
subjective guide to the Top 10 National Parks in the World, and
please share your favorites in the comments!
Corcovado National Park (Costa Rica)
Referred to by National Geographic as
“the most biologically intense place on Earth in terms of biodiversity,” this
164-square mile national park on the Osa Peninsula is Costa Rica’s largest.
Within its borders are diverse ecosystems, including montane forest,
cloud forest, prairie and mangrove swamp.
The volume and
variety of wildlife you’ll find there is unbelievable. All four Costa
Rican Monkey species, two kinds of Sloths, two types of Anteaters, Collared
Peccary, Caiman, Crocodiles, Poison Dart Frogs and hundreds of colorful bird
species are commonly seen. It’s also home to rare species such as the Baird’s
Tapir, Jaguars and Harpy Eagles.
Just off the coast
of the park you’ll find Caño Island, which offers exceptional snorkeling and
Scuba diving opportunities. The protected waters are home to countless Sea
Turtles, Dolphins, Sharks, Rays and even Humpback Whales, who come there to
breed each winter.
Galapagos National Park (Ecuador)
Named the first UNESCO World
Heritage Site in 1978, this
archipelago of volcanic islands 563 miles off the coast of Ecuador has
fascinated mankind since Charles Darwin’s day.
The landscapes
are dynamic and remarkably diverse, from the lush green flora of the Santa Cruz
highlands (where the famed Galapagos Tortoise roams wild) to the harsh, alien
lava fields on Bartolomé. It’s also home to some of the world’s most
fascinating endemic species, from ocean-feeding Marine Iguanas to comical
Blue-Footed Boobies and diminutive Galapagos Penguins.
This is the only
place in the world where wildlife has virtually no fear of humans: Curious
Galapagos Sea Lions swim right up to you, and birds such as the Waved Albatross
and Flightless Cormorant nest right beside marked hiking trails. In short, it’s
a must-see for anyone who loves nature and wildlife.
Grand Canyon National Park (USA)
There’s a reason this age-old family favorite is the
second most visited National Park in America, attracting over 5 million
people each year.
It’s big– 277
miles long, 18 miles wide, a mile deep– encompassing over 1900 square miles.
Considered one of the 7 Natural Wonders of the World, its resplendent colors
are the result of 5-6 million years of geologic history revealed by the mighty
Colorado River.
Tourists crowd
the rim in summer, but hiking into the canyon reveals ecosystems ranging from
desert to forest. In addition to wildlife such as Black Bear, Elk and
California Condors, the canyon has historically been home to the Pueblo
people, who consider it a sacred site.
Great Barrier Reef National Park (Australia)
Considered one of the 7 Natural Wonders of the World,
the planet’s largest coral reef system is also one of its most endangered. This
is in large part due to accelerated coral bleaching caused by global warming,
and an increase of tourists eager to see it while it’s still relatively
healthy.
The Great
Barrier Reef is actually composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900
islands stretched out across an area of around 133,000 square miles.
Located in the Coral Sea off the coast of Queensland, it’s home to 30
species of cetaceans, over 1,500 species of fish, six species of sea turtles,
and around 125 species of sharks and stingrays.
The UNESCO World
Heritage Site also includes mangroves and salt marshes on the coast, which
provide fertile breeding grounds for saltwater crocodiles and frogs. Its
islands serve as temporary or permanent homes to around 1.5 million birds
(215 species) for nesting and roosting.
Jim Corbett National Park (India)
Established in 1936 (when it was known as Hailey
National Park), India’s oldest national park was created to protect
the endangered Bengal tiger. Named after the British/Indian
hunter-turned-conservationist, the park was the first to come under the Indian
government’s Project Tiger initiative.
Located in the
sub-Himalayan state of Uttarakhand, the park’s 201 square
miles includes diverse landscapes such as hills, rivers, marsh,
grassland and a lake, with elevations ranging from 1,300 to 4,000 feet. Dense
forest covers nearly 75% of the park, with 110 types of tree, 50 species
of mammals, 580 bird species and 25 reptile species.
Corbett National
Park is one of 13 areas in India and Nepal protected
by WWF’s Terai Arc Landscape Program. In addition to the
Bengal Tiger, the program aims to preserve flagship species such
as the Asian Elephant and the Indian Rhinoceros by
restoring forest corridors for improved migration between parks.
Kruger National Park (South Africa)
One of Africa’s largest game reserves, Kruger National Park covers over 7,500 square miles. It’s part of the UNESCO-recognized
Kruger to Canyons Biosphere Reserve (3rd largest in the world), which
encompasses over 4.8 million hectares of savannah, grassland and
forest on the border with Mozambique.
South Africa’s
oldest national park (est. 1926) is home to an exceptional array of animals,
including 517 bird species, 147 species of large mammals, 114 reptile species,
and plenty of rare wonders (including Black Rhinos and the gorgeous, but
Critically Endangered, African Wild Dog).
With 9 main
gates allowing access to the various camps within the park, it’s easy enough to
visit for a day. But with over 27,000 Buffalo, 11,000 Elephants, 5,000
Giraffes, 3,000 Hippos, 2,000 Hyenas, 150,000 Impalas, 2,800 Lions, 2,000
Leopards, 6,000 Rhinos and 17,000 Zebras in the Kruger Park area, you can
easily spend a week or more and never get tired of exploring its vast expanse.
Manú National Park (Peru)
Located just 3 hours from Cusco, this 11,800-square
mile park located just 3 hours from Cusco is rapidly emerging as a
world-renowned hotspot for birdwatchers.
The biosphere
reserve, which was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987, contains over
1000 different species of birds (from Andean Cock-of-the-Rock and Hoatzin to
Macaws and Spix’s Guan)– more than the United States and Canada combined!
But Manú
National Park’s remarkable biodiversity doesn’t end there: With ecosystems
ranging from tropical rainforests to montane grasslands at elevations of nearly
14,000 feet, it’s also home to exotic wildlife such as Jaguars, Pumas, Giant
Otters, Brazilian Tapir, Capybaras, Spectacled Bears, two species of sloths,
and 14 species of monkeys.
Tarangire National Park (Tanzania)
Though it’s not nearly as well-known
as Serengeti National Park or the Ngorongoro Crater, Tarangire won our
hearts thanks to the impressive array of wildlife we saw during our short
visit.
The sixth
largest park in Tanzania at 1,100 square miles, its key draw for animals
is the Tarangire River, which becomes the area’s only source of water
during the dry season. This may explain why the area has become a huge draw for
Elephants, which we saw by the dozens during our 2015 visit.
The park has a
number of other unique features, including massive Baobab trees, massive
termite mounds that often serve as home to dark mongooses, and the famous
tree-climbing lions. It’s also a major draw for bird-watchers, as the swamps on
Tarangire attract one of the world’s most stunning arrays of breeding birds
(over 550 species).
Tikal National Park (Guatemala)
The only national park on this list that’s more
focused on history and culture than nature and wildlife, Tikal is one of
the largest archaeological sites of pre-Columbian Maya
civilization. Located in a rainforest in northern Guatemala, it was
declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.
Inhabited from
the 6th century B.C. to the 10th century A.D., the city included around
3,000 structures covering an area of over six square miles. Among the
impressive limestone ruins are the remains of temples that towered over
230 feet high, large royal palaces,
numerous smaller pyramids, inscribed stone
monuments, seven pok ta pok ball
game courts.
The massive
city is obviously the main attraction here, but Tikal National Park also
boasts natural wonders worth exploring. Part of the much larger Maya
Biosphere Reserve, the park includes 57,600 hectares of wetlands,
savannah, tropical broadleaf and palm forests that are home
to Jaguars, Pumas, several species of monkeys and anteaters, and more than
300 species of birds.
Torres del Paine National Park (Chile)
This gem in Chilean Patagonia is part of
the Sistema Nacional de Áreas Silvestres Protegidas del Estado de
Chile (National System of Protected Forested Areas of Chile).
Encompassing 242,242 hectares and averaging around 150,000 annual visitors,
it’s among the largest and most visited parks in Chile.
Its attractions
are many. There’s the blue icebergs of Lago Grey that break off
from Grey Glacier, part of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field (the world’s
second largest contiguous ice field outside of the poles). There’s wildlife
such as Foxes, Huemul Deer, Guanacos, Pumas and the massive Andean Condor.
There is the archaeological history of the Milodon Caves, and ancient wall art
along the Fauna Trail.
But the park’s
most distinctive features are the three granite peaks of the Paine Massif,
which rises 9,350 feet above sea level. The surrounding valleys, rivers
and lakes provide the scenic foreground, but these “Towers of Blue” (for which
the park is named) are Patagonia’s most majestic natural wonder.
Hometask
Prepare a short report or a presentation about one of the National Parks in Ukraine or in the world. You can use the information from one of the leaflets or from the text or from the Internet- Підготуйте коротке повідомлення ( 12-15 реч.) або презентацію ( 5-7 слайдів) про один з Національних парків України чи світу. Ви можете скористатися інформацією з однієї з брошур-таблиць чи тексту, подиних нижче, або ж скористайтеся Інтернетом
Leaflet 1
Leaflet 2
Leaflet 4
Виконану домашню роботу ми перевіримо під час наступного синхронного уроку або ж надішліть на мою електронну адресу bivaoa1326@ukr.net або у приватні повідомлення на мій номер у Viber
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